To advance sensible priorities.

Bill Number: H.R. 6636
Origin Chamber: House
Congress: 119th Congress, Session 1
Policy Area: Taxation
Status: Introduced
Latest Action: 2026-01-15: Referred to the Subcommittee on Disability Assistance and Memorial Affairs.
Last Updated: 2026-01-22T09:06:13Z

AI-Generated Summary

Purpose of the Legislation

This bill, H.R. 6636, seeks to address multiple national priorities through a series of targeted reforms. It focuses on reducing greenhouse gas emissions via economic incentives, funding infrastructure and environmental initiatives, enhancing cancer research, supporting communities affected by chemical contamination, stabilizing federal finances, restricting insider trading by lawmakers, imposing sanctions on Russia to promote peace in Ukraine, improving school safety, expanding voting access while preventing noncitizen voting, reviewing intelligence practices, promoting veteran-owned businesses, and extending benefits to families of veterans with certain diseases. Overall, it aims to modernize policy responses to climate, health, security, and governance challenges.

Key Provisions

The bill is structured into 11 titles, each tackling distinct issues:

Title I: MARKET CHOICE Act (Modernizing America with Rebuilding to Kickstart the Economy of the Twenty-first Century with a Historic Infrastructure-Centered Expansion Act)
Imposes a federal tax on greenhouse gas emissions from combusted fossil fuels (e.g., coal, oil, natural gas), industrial processes (e.g., cement, steel production), and certain products (e.g., biofuels, nitrous oxide), starting at $35 per metric ton of carbon dioxide equivalent in 2027, increasing annually by 5% plus inflation adjustments.
Establishes border tax adjustments (fees on high-emission imports and rebates for U.S. exports) for energy-intensive industries to prevent "carbon leakage" (shifting emissions abroad).
Creates the Rebuilding Infrastructure and Solutions for the Environment (RISE) Trust Fund, funded by 75% of tax revenues, allocating portions (e.g., 70% to highways, 10% to state grants for low-income households) for infrastructure, weatherization, energy research, carbon capture, reforestation, and worker assistance through 2036.
Repeals federal excise taxes on motor vehicle and aviation fuels after 2025.
Amends the Clean Air Act to impose a moratorium (until 2039, with early termination triggers) on most EPA regulations targeting greenhouse gas emissions already taxed, while preserving authority for health/welfare impacts unrelated to climate.
Funds assistance for workers displaced from fossil fuel or nuclear sectors (e.g., retraining, relocation, pensions).
Establishes a bipartisan National Climate Commission to set emission reduction goals and review federal policies.

Title II: KO Cancer Act (Knock Out Cancer Act)
Appropriates additional funding to the National Cancer Institute (25% of its 2024 budget annually through 2030) for cancer research.
Requires a report to Congress on causes of cancer drug shortages (e.g., supply chain issues, generic drug shortages) and recommendations to address them.

Title III: Coordinator for Engagement with PFAS-Impacted Defense Communities
Designates a Department of Defense official to coordinate outreach, education, and liaison efforts for communities affected by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS; long-lasting chemicals used in firefighting foam) contamination from military sites.

Title IV: National Bipartisan Fiscal Commission
Creates a 20-member commission (including congressional appointees) to review federal deficits/debt and recommend legislation for long-term stabilization, including factoring debt-servicing costs into budget estimates. Provides expedited congressional procedures for its recommendations.

Title V: Restriction of Trading and Ownership of Certain Financial Instruments by Members of the House of Representatives
Prohibits House members from owning or trading stocks, futures, commodities, or derivatives (with exceptions for diversified funds, U.S. Treasuries, municipal bonds, or Thrift Savings Plan investments). Requires ethics pledges and compliance reporting.

Title VI: Sanctioning Russia Act
Mandates presidential determinations every 90 days on whether Russia (or affiliates) refuses peace negotiations, violates agreements, or invades Ukraine.
If triggered, imposes sanctions including asset freezes, visa bans, financial transaction prohibitions, export bans (e.g., energy products), investment restrictions, 500% tariffs on Russian imports, and bans on uranium imports/trading. Targets officials, banks (e.g., Sberbank), oligarchs, and entities in key sectors.
Extends duties to countries buying Russian oil/uranium and requires CAATSA (Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act) sanctions. Allows termination only upon verified peace agreement; reimposition if violations recur. Exceptions for humanitarian aid and intelligence activities.

Title VII: SAFER Schools Act (Secure And Fortify Entrances and Rooms in Schools Act)
Directs the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) to convene an advisory committee for standards on reinforced interior/exterior doors in federally funded K-12 schools to enhance security against threats.
Authorizes $100 million annually for 10 years via Homeland Security Grants for implementation, prioritizing ballistic resistance without hindering evacuations or law enforcement access.

Title VIII: Let America Vote Act
Requires states to allow unaffiliated (independent) voters to participate in primary elections for federal offices (one party per election), with privacy protections against data sharing for political solicitation.
Conditions federal election funding on similar access and prohibitions for state/local primaries. Prohibits noncitizens from voting in any federal, state, or local elections. Provides transition grants to compliant states.

Title IX: Review of Certain Intelligence Sharing with Ukraine
Requires the Director of National Intelligence to report (classified) on whether expanded intelligence sharing with Ukraine on threats from Russia, Belarus, China, North Korea, or others enhances U.S. and allied security.

Title X: Fairness to Veteran Small Businesses for Infrastructure Investment Act
Amends the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act to include veteran-owned small businesses (defined under the Small Business Act) as disadvantaged enterprises eligible for federal contracting set-asides in transportation projects.

Title XI: Justice for ALS Veterans Act
Extends higher dependency and indemnity compensation to surviving spouses of veterans who die from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS; a fatal neurodegenerative disease), regardless of disease duration, if married 8+ years.
Requires a VA report on other high-mortality service-connected disabilities warranting similar treatment.

Significant Changes to Existing Law

Tax Code (Internal Revenue Code): Adds a new subtitle for greenhouse gas taxation and border adjustments; repeals fuel excise taxes (previously funding highways/aviation). Modifies coal project tax credits for better sequestration. Introduces credits for state-level payments (phasing out over 5 years).
Clean Air Act: Adds a moratorium on EPA greenhouse gas rules for taxed emissions, but carves out exceptions for vehicles, fuels, nonroad engines, aircraft, and non-climate health effects.
Sanctions Laws: Builds on CAATSA and IEEPA (International Emergency Economic Powers Act) with automatic, escalating measures tied to Ukraine peace failures; bypasses national emergency declarations for asset blocks.
House Ethics Rules: Bans stock trading by members, expanding beyond prior disclosure requirements.
Voting Laws: Mandates open primaries for independents (overriding closed systems in some states) and noncitizen voting bans (strengthening existing federal restrictions).
Veterans Benefits (Title 38, U.S. Code): Treats all ALS deaths as fully compensable, removing prior service duration limits.
Infrastructure and Small Business Laws: Integrates veterans into disadvantaged business programs; creates new trust fund outside traditional appropriations.

Potential Impacts

Government Agencies: IRS and Treasury gain new tax enforcement roles; EPA's regulatory scope narrows on climate but expands on monitoring. DOD and State Department handle PFAS outreach and sanctions. CISA oversees school upgrades. Commissions add advisory burdens. Fiscal Commission could influence budget processes.
Citizens: Low-income households receive state rebates from carbon tax revenues to offset energy costs. Displaced energy workers get retraining/relocation aid. Cancer patients benefit from more research funding. Schools see safety enhancements, potentially reducing active shooter risks. Independent voters gain primary access; noncitizen voting is explicitly barred. ALS families receive higher survivor benefits. Higher energy/import prices from taxes/sanctions may raise living costs.
International Relations: Border carbon adjustments could spark trade disputes (e.g., under WTO rules). Russia sanctions escalate tensions, isolating its economy and deterring allies (e.g., via secondary tariffs). Intelligence review may adjust Ukraine aid, affecting NATO dynamics. Uranium import bans boost U.S./allied suppliers.

Main Stakeholders Affected

Energy and Manufacturing Sectors: Fossil fuel producers, refineries, and heavy industries face new taxes/border fees, potentially increasing costs but spurring clean tech innovation.
Low-Income and Displaced Workers: Benefit from rebates, retraining, and community redevelopment funds.
Environmental and Infrastructure Groups: Gain from RISE Fund allocations for roads, flood mitigation, carbon capture, and reforestation.
Healthcare Community: Cancer researchers, patients, and drug manufacturers see boosted funding and shortage analyses.
Defense Communities: PFAS-affected areas (e.g., near military bases) get improved federal coordination.
Congress and Financial Sector: House members restricted in investments; financial institutions barred from Russian dealings.
Russia and Global Trade Partners: Government, banks, oligarchs, and energy exporters hit by sanctions/tariffs; countries buying Russian resources face U.S. duties.
Voters and Elections Officials: Independents and states administering primaries/elections adapt to new rules.
Schools and Local Governments: K-12 institutions receive grants for door reinforcements.
Veterans and Small Businesses: ALS families and veteran-owned firms gain benefits/contracting opportunities.
Ukraine and Allies: Indirectly supported via sanctions and intelligence reviews.

Notable Legal, Constitutional, or Political Implications

Legal: Carbon tax and border adjustments introduce novel revenue tools but risk challenges under trade laws (e.g., GATT/WTO consistency) or Commerce Clause interpretations. Sanctions leverage IEEPA without emergencies, potentially streamlining enforcement but inviting lawsuits over due process for targeted entities. School door mandates via grants avoid direct compulsion but tie to federal funding, raising federalism concerns. Voting provisions enforce uniformity in primaries while affirming citizenship requirements, aligning with 14th/15th Amendments.
Constitutional: No direct violations; commissions respect separation of powers via congressional fast-tracking. Trading ban enhances ethics without infringing free speech (focuses on conflicts of interest).
Political: Bipartisan framing (e.g., climate commission, fiscal panel) promotes cross-aisle appeal, but divisive elements like Russia sanctions and carbon taxes could polarize debates on foreign policy and energy costs. Expedited procedures for fiscal recommendations bypass filibusters, altering legislative norms. Overall, it signals comprehensive reform but may face amendment or veto risks due to scope.

This summary was generated by AI and may contain inaccuracies. Refer to the official source document for the authoritative text.

Sponsor

Rep. Fitzpatrick, Brian K. [R-PA-1]

Recent Actions

2026-01-15: Referred to the Subcommittee on Disability Assistance and Memorial Affairs.
2025-12-11: Referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and Commerce, Natural Resources, Education and Workforce, Transportation and Infrastructure, Science, Space, and Technology, Agriculture, Appropriations, Armed Services, the Budget, Rules, Ethics, Financial Services, Foreign Affairs, Homeland Security, House Administration, the Judiciary, Intelligence (Permanent Select), Oversight and Government Reform, Small Business, and Veterans' Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
2025-12-11: Referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and Commerce, Natural Resources, Education and Workforce, Transportation and Infrastructure, Science, Space, and Technology, Agriculture, Appropriations, Armed Services, the Budget, Rules, Ethics, Financial Services, Foreign Affairs, Homeland Security, House Administration, the Judiciary, Intelligence (Permanent Select), Oversight and Government Reform, Small Business, and Veterans' Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
2025-12-11: Referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and Commerce, Natural Resources, Education and Workforce, Transportation and Infrastructure, Science, Space, and Technology, Agriculture, Appropriations, Armed Services, the Budget, Rules, Ethics, Financial Services, Foreign Affairs, Homeland Security, House Administration, the Judiciary, Intelligence (Permanent Select), Oversight and Government Reform, Small Business, and Veterans' Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
2025-12-11: Referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and Commerce, Natural Resources, Education and Workforce, Transportation and Infrastructure, Science, Space, and Technology, Agriculture, Appropriations, Armed Services, the Budget, Rules, Ethics, Financial Services, Foreign Affairs, Homeland Security, House Administration, the Judiciary, Intelligence (Permanent Select), Oversight and Government Reform, Small Business, and Veterans' Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
2025-12-11: Referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and Commerce, Natural Resources, Education and Workforce, Transportation and Infrastructure, Science, Space, and Technology, Agriculture, Appropriations, Armed Services, the Budget, Rules, Ethics, Financial Services, Foreign Affairs, Homeland Security, House Administration, the Judiciary, Intelligence (Permanent Select), Oversight and Government Reform, Small Business, and Veterans' Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
2025-12-11: Referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and Commerce, Natural Resources, Education and Workforce, Transportation and Infrastructure, Science, Space, and Technology, Agriculture, Appropriations, Armed Services, the Budget, Rules, Ethics, Financial Services, Foreign Affairs, Homeland Security, House Administration, the Judiciary, Intelligence (Permanent Select), Oversight and Government Reform, Small Business, and Veterans' Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
2025-12-11: Referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and Commerce, Natural Resources, Education and Workforce, Transportation and Infrastructure, Science, Space, and Technology, Agriculture, Appropriations, Armed Services, the Budget, Rules, Ethics, Financial Services, Foreign Affairs, Homeland Security, House Administration, the Judiciary, Intelligence (Permanent Select), Oversight and Government Reform, Small Business, and Veterans' Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
2025-12-11: Referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and Commerce, Natural Resources, Education and Workforce, Transportation and Infrastructure, Science, Space, and Technology, Agriculture, Appropriations, Armed Services, the Budget, Rules, Ethics, Financial Services, Foreign Affairs, Homeland Security, House Administration, the Judiciary, Intelligence (Permanent Select), Oversight and Government Reform, Small Business, and Veterans' Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
2025-12-11: Referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and Commerce, Natural Resources, Education and Workforce, Transportation and Infrastructure, Science, Space, and Technology, Agriculture, Appropriations, Armed Services, the Budget, Rules, Ethics, Financial Services, Foreign Affairs, Homeland Security, House Administration, the Judiciary, Intelligence (Permanent Select), Oversight and Government Reform, Small Business, and Veterans' Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
2025-12-11: Referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and Commerce, Natural Resources, Education and Workforce, Transportation and Infrastructure, Science, Space, and Technology, Agriculture, Appropriations, Armed Services, the Budget, Rules, Ethics, Financial Services, Foreign Affairs, Homeland Security, House Administration, the Judiciary, Intelligence (Permanent Select), Oversight and Government Reform, Small Business, and Veterans' Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
2025-12-11: Referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and Commerce, Natural Resources, Education and Workforce, Transportation and Infrastructure, Science, Space, and Technology, Agriculture, Appropriations, Armed Services, the Budget, Rules, Ethics, Financial Services, Foreign Affairs, Homeland Security, House Administration, the Judiciary, Intelligence (Permanent Select), Oversight and Government Reform, Small Business, and Veterans' Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
2025-12-11: Referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and Commerce, Natural Resources, Education and Workforce, Transportation and Infrastructure, Science, Space, and Technology, Agriculture, Appropriations, Armed Services, the Budget, Rules, Ethics, Financial Services, Foreign Affairs, Homeland Security, House Administration, the Judiciary, Intelligence (Permanent Select), Oversight and Government Reform, Small Business, and Veterans' Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
2025-12-11: Referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and Commerce, Natural Resources, Education and Workforce, Transportation and Infrastructure, Science, Space, and Technology, Agriculture, Appropriations, Armed Services, the Budget, Rules, Ethics, Financial Services, Foreign Affairs, Homeland Security, House Administration, the Judiciary, Intelligence (Permanent Select), Oversight and Government Reform, Small Business, and Veterans' Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
2025-12-11: Referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and Commerce, Natural Resources, Education and Workforce, Transportation and Infrastructure, Science, Space, and Technology, Agriculture, Appropriations, Armed Services, the Budget, Rules, Ethics, Financial Services, Foreign Affairs, Homeland Security, House Administration, the Judiciary, Intelligence (Permanent Select), Oversight and Government Reform, Small Business, and Veterans' Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Bill Versions

To advance sensible priorities. — issued 2025-12-11 — PDF (141 pages)