SAMS Act of 2025

Bill Number

H.R. 4370

Origin Chamber

House

Congress

119th Congress, Session 1

Policy Area

Energy

Status

Introduced

Latest Action

2025-07-14: Referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committees on Science, Space, and Technology, Foreign Affairs, Transportation and Infrastructure, Armed Services, Energy and Commerce, Agriculture, Ways and Means, Financial Services, Oversight and Government Reform, and Small Business, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Last Updated

2025-10-18T08:05:30Z

AI-Generated Summary

Purpose of the Legislation

The Securing America's Mineral Supply Act of 2025 (SAMS Act) aims to make permanent certain presidential directives (Executive Orders) focused on securing the United States' supply of critical minerals. These minerals, such as lithium and rare earth elements, are essential for technologies like batteries, electronics, and defense systems. By turning these orders into law, the bill seeks to ensure a reliable domestic supply chain, reduce dependence on foreign sources (especially from adversaries), and promote national security and economic growth.

Key Provisions

• Codification of Executive Orders: The bill grants full legal force to five specific Executive Orders related to critical minerals:
• Executive Order 13817 (2017): Establishes a federal strategy for identifying and securing reliable supplies of critical minerals.
• Executive Order 13953 (2020): Addresses risks to the U.S. supply chain from over-reliance on foreign critical minerals and supports domestic mining and processing industries.
• Executive Order 14154 (2025): Promotes expanded American energy production, including minerals needed for energy technologies.
• Executive Order 14241 (2025): Implements immediate steps to boost U.S. mineral production through streamlined permitting and incentives.
• Executive Order 14272 (2025): Uses Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act (a law allowing tariffs for national security reasons) to protect processed critical minerals and related products.
• Referral to Committees: The bill is referred to multiple House committees, including Natural Resources, Science, Space, and Technology, Foreign Affairs, and others, for review based on their areas of expertise.

Significant Changes to Existing Law

• From Executive Action to Statute: Previously, these Executive Orders were temporary directives that could be altered or revoked by future presidents. This bill converts them into statutory law, making them harder to change without congressional approval.
• Integration with Trade Laws: It explicitly ties into existing tools like Section 232 tariffs, potentially expanding their application to minerals without needing new legislation.

Potential Impacts

• On Government Agencies: Agencies like the Department of the Interior, Department of Defense, and Department of Energy must implement these strategies, which could lead to faster permitting for mining projects, increased federal funding for research, and coordinated supply chain assessments. This may strain resources but enhance long-term planning.
• On Citizens: Could create jobs in mining and processing sectors, lower costs for domestic mineral products over time, and improve supply chain resilience, benefiting industries like electric vehicles and renewable energy. However, it might raise concerns about environmental impacts from expanded mining.
• On International Relations: Reduces U.S. reliance on imports from countries like China (a major mineral supplier), potentially straining trade ties with adversaries while strengthening alliances with mineral-rich partners (e.g., Australia, Canada). This could lead to new trade agreements or tariffs on foreign minerals.

Main Stakeholders Affected

• Domestic Industries: Mining, processing, and manufacturing companies (e.g., those producing batteries or semiconductors) benefit from support and reduced foreign competition.
• Government Entities: Federal agencies involved in energy, defense, and trade; state governments overseeing mineral resources.
• Workers and Communities: Employees in mineral-related jobs and regions with mining operations, who may see economic growth but also face environmental or land-use changes.
• Foreign Governments and Businesses: Exporters of critical minerals (e.g., China) could lose market share due to U.S. tariffs and domestic prioritization.
• Environmental and Consumer Groups: Advocates for sustainable mining may push back on accelerated production, while consumers in tech and energy sectors gain from more stable supplies.

Notable Legal, Constitutional, or Political Implications

• Legal Implications: Codifying Executive Orders strengthens their enforceability in courts, as they become part of the U.S. Code rather than administrative policy. This could reduce challenges based on presidential overreach.
• Constitutional Implications: Aligns with Congress's powers under Article I to regulate commerce and provide for national defense, avoiding potential separation-of-powers issues from relying solely on executive actions.
• Political Implications: Introduced with broad bipartisan support (over 30 cosponsors from both parties), it signals consensus on mineral security amid global tensions. However, it may spark debates over environmental protections versus economic needs, influencing future energy and trade policies.

This summary was generated by AI and may contain inaccuracies. Refer to the official source document for the authoritative text.

Sponsor

Rep. Palmer, Gary J. [R-AL-6]

Cosponsors (48)

Rep. Moore, Barry [R-AL-1], Rep. Burchett, Tim [R-TN-2], Rep. Pfluger, August [R-TX-11], Rep. Bacon, Don [R-NE-2], Rep. Self, Keith [R-TX-3], Rep. Rose, John W. [R-TN-6], Rep. Wittman, Robert J. [R-VA-1], Rep. Rulli, Michael A. [R-OH-6], Rep. Davidson, Warren [R-OH-8], Rep. Finstad, Brad [R-MN-1], Rep. Tenney, Claudia [R-NY-24], Rep. James, John [R-MI-10], Rep. Webster, Daniel [R-FL-11], Rep. Harrigan, Pat [R-NC-10], Rep. Calvert, Ken [R-CA-41], Rep. Balderson, Troy [R-OH-12], Rep. Goldman, Craig A. [R-TX-12], Rep. Jack, Brian [R-GA-3], Rep. Hurd, Jeff [R-CO-3], Rep. Bentz, Cliff [R-OR-2], Rep. Moore, Tim [R-NC-14], Rep. Carter, Earl L. "Buddy" [R-GA-1], Rep. Crane, Elijah [R-AZ-2], Rep. Stutzman, Marlin A. [R-IN-3], Rep. Harris, Mark [R-NC-8], Rep. Wilson, Joe [R-SC-2], Rep. Green, Mark E. [R-TN-7], Rep. Mann, Tracey [R-KS-1], Rep. Thompson, Glenn [R-PA-15], Rep. Knott, Brad [R-NC-13], Rep. Aderholt, Robert B. [R-AL-4], Rep. Kelly, Mike [R-PA-16], Rep. Latta, Robert E. [R-OH-5], Rep. Barrett, Tom [R-MI-7], Rep. Haridopolos, Mike [R-FL-8], Rep. Cuellar, Henry [D-TX-28], Rep. LaMalfa, Doug [R-CA-1], Rep. Donalds, Byron [R-FL-19], Rep. Van Duyne, Beth [R-TX-24], Rep. Rouzer, David [R-NC-7], Rep. Flood, Mike [R-NE-1], Rep. Onder, Robert F. [R-MO-3], Rep. Shreve, Jefferson [R-IN-6], Rep. Ciscomani, Juan [R-AZ-6], Rep. Fulcher, Russ [R-ID-1], Rep. Bost, Mike [R-IL-12], Rep. Schmidt, Derek [R-KS-2], Rep. Fry, Russell [R-SC-7]

Recent Actions

• 2025-07-14: Referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committees on Science, Space, and Technology, Foreign Affairs, Transportation and Infrastructure, Armed Services, Energy and Commerce, Agriculture, Ways and Means, Financial Services, Oversight and Government Reform, and Small Business, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
• 2025-07-14: Referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committees on Science, Space, and Technology, Foreign Affairs, Transportation and Infrastructure, Armed Services, Energy and Commerce, Agriculture, Ways and Means, Financial Services, Oversight and Government Reform, and Small Business, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
• 2025-07-14: Referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committees on Science, Space, and Technology, Foreign Affairs, Transportation and Infrastructure, Armed Services, Energy and Commerce, Agriculture, Ways and Means, Financial Services, Oversight and Government Reform, and Small Business, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
• 2025-07-14: Referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committees on Science, Space, and Technology, Foreign Affairs, Transportation and Infrastructure, Armed Services, Energy and Commerce, Agriculture, Ways and Means, Financial Services, Oversight and Government Reform, and Small Business, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
• 2025-07-14: Referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committees on Science, Space, and Technology, Foreign Affairs, Transportation and Infrastructure, Armed Services, Energy and Commerce, Agriculture, Ways and Means, Financial Services, Oversight and Government Reform, and Small Business, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
• 2025-07-14: Referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committees on Science, Space, and Technology, Foreign Affairs, Transportation and Infrastructure, Armed Services, Energy and Commerce, Agriculture, Ways and Means, Financial Services, Oversight and Government Reform, and Small Business, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
• 2025-07-14: Referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committees on Science, Space, and Technology, Foreign Affairs, Transportation and Infrastructure, Armed Services, Energy and Commerce, Agriculture, Ways and Means, Financial Services, Oversight and Government Reform, and Small Business, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
• 2025-07-14: Referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committees on Science, Space, and Technology, Foreign Affairs, Transportation and Infrastructure, Armed Services, Energy and Commerce, Agriculture, Ways and Means, Financial Services, Oversight and Government Reform, and Small Business, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
• 2025-07-14: Referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committees on Science, Space, and Technology, Foreign Affairs, Transportation and Infrastructure, Armed Services, Energy and Commerce, Agriculture, Ways and Means, Financial Services, Oversight and Government Reform, and Small Business, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
• 2025-07-14: Referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committees on Science, Space, and Technology, Foreign Affairs, Transportation and Infrastructure, Armed Services, Energy and Commerce, Agriculture, Ways and Means, Financial Services, Oversight and Government Reform, and Small Business, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
• 2025-07-14: Referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committees on Science, Space, and Technology, Foreign Affairs, Transportation and Infrastructure, Armed Services, Energy and Commerce, Agriculture, Ways and Means, Financial Services, Oversight and Government Reform, and Small Business, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
• 2025-07-14: Introduced in House
• 2025-07-14: Introduced in House

Bill Versions

• Securing America’s Mineral Supply Act of 2025 — issued 2025-07-14 — PDF (2 pages)