Stop CCP Land Act
- Bill Number
- H.R. 1184
- Origin Chamber
- House
- Congress
- 119th Congress, Session 1
- Policy Area
- Agriculture and Food
- Status
- Introduced
- Latest Action
- 2025-02-11: Referred to the Committee on Agriculture, and in addition to the Committees on Natural Resources, Energy and Commerce, and Science, Space, and Technology, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
- Last Updated
- 2026-03-25T08:05:42Z
AI-Generated Summary
Purpose
The legislation aims to protect U.S. agricultural land from purchases by entities from certain foreign countries viewed as national security risks, primarily by conditioning states' eligibility for specific federal funding on the enactment of restrictive state laws. It seeks to enhance monitoring and disclosure of foreign ownership of farmland while promoting national security.
Key Provisions
- State Eligibility Requirement: Starting one year after enactment, states will be ineligible for "covered program funds" (federal funding from the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 for environmental, climate, energy, and conservation programs) unless they enact a state law that:
- Prohibits "covered foreign countries" (or persons acting on their behalf) from buying agricultural land in the state.
- Requires annual reports from persons from these countries who already own such land, submitted to the state's department of agriculture (or equivalent agency).
- Required Reports:
- The Secretary of Agriculture must submit a report to Congress within one year of enactment, recommending updates to the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 (AFIDA) to improve tracking of foreign investments in farmland.
- The Government Accountability Office (GAO) must submit a report to Congress within 90 days of enactment, assessing the bill's national security impacts and suggesting ways to protect U.S. real estate from foreign influence.
- Definitions:
- "Agricultural land" and "foreign person" are defined under AFIDA, referring to land used for farming, ranching, or forestry, and individuals or entities not primarily controlled by U.S. citizens or permanent residents.
- "Covered foreign country" includes nations on the U.S. State Department's list of countries subject to arms export restrictions (e.g., China, Iran, North Korea) and explicitly adds Russia.
Significant Changes to Existing Law
- Builds on AFIDA, which already requires foreign buyers to report agricultural land purchases to the U.S. Department of Agriculture but lacks strong enforcement or prohibitions. This bill introduces mandatory state-level bans and reporting for existing owners from specific countries, enforced through withholding of federal funds—a new mechanism not present in prior law.
- No direct amendments to AFIDA, but it prompts future updates via the required Secretary's report, potentially leading to enhanced federal monitoring.
Potential Impacts
- On Government Agencies: The U.S. Department of Agriculture and other agencies administering covered programs (e.g., environmental protection, energy rebates) may face administrative burdens in verifying state compliance and reallocating funds to compliant states. The GAO and Secretary of Agriculture will need to produce timely reports, influencing future policy.
- On Citizens: U.S. farmers, ranchers, and rural communities could benefit from reduced foreign competition for land, potentially stabilizing prices and food security. However, states slow to enact laws might lose access to climate and conservation funding, affecting programs like home energy rebates, forest protection, and disaster assistance, which could raise costs for residents in non-compliant states.
- On International Relations: May strain ties with covered countries (e.g., China, Russia) by signaling U.S. hostility toward their investments, potentially prompting retaliatory measures against U.S. assets abroad. It could also encourage allied nations to adopt similar restrictions.
Main Stakeholders Affected
- States and State Governments: Directly impacted as they must pass new laws to retain federal funding; non-compliance could lead to budget shortfalls in key programs.
- U.S. Farmers, Landowners, and Agricultural Businesses: Gain protection from foreign purchases but may face indirect effects if state funding cuts disrupt related support programs.
- Foreign Entities from Covered Countries: Existing owners must report holdings annually; new purchases are banned in compliant states, limiting investment opportunities.
- Federal Agencies: Including the Departments of Agriculture, Energy, and Homeland Security, which manage affected programs and must implement eligibility checks.
- U.S. Taxpayers and Environmental Groups: Could see shifts in how federal funds are distributed, potentially slowing climate initiatives in some states.
Notable Legal, Constitutional, or Political Implications
- Legal: Relies on Congress's spending power to condition federal funds on state actions, a common but sometimes challenged approach (e.g., under anti-commandeering principles from cases like Printz v. United States). The bill's focus on specific countries may invite lawsuits over discrimination or equal protection if seen as targeting based on nationality.
- Constitutional: Raises federalism concerns by pressuring states to adopt uniform restrictions, potentially blurring lines between federal and state authority over property rights. It aligns with national security justifications but could be scrutinized if perceived as overreach.
- Political: Explicitly targets China (via "CCP" in the short title) and Russia, reflecting bipartisan concerns over foreign influence but risking politicization of land ownership. Passage could set precedents for broader restrictions on foreign investments, influencing future trade and security debates.
This summary was generated by AI and may contain inaccuracies. Refer to the official source document for the authoritative text.
Sponsor
Rep. Bice, Stephanie I. [R-OK-5]
Cosponsors (11)
Rep. Franklin, Scott [R-FL-18], Rep. Arrington, Jodey C. [R-TX-19], Rep. Bergman, Jack [R-MI-1], Rep. Moolenaar, John R. [R-MI-2], Rep. Ellzey, Jake [R-TX-6], Rep. Van Duyne, Beth [R-TX-24], Rep. Flood, Mike [R-NE-1], Rep. Cammack, Kat [R-FL-3], Rep. Donalds, Byron [R-FL-19], Rep. McCormick, Richard [R-GA-7], Rep. Meuser, Daniel [R-PA-9]
Recent Actions
- 2025-02-11: Referred to the Committee on Agriculture, and in addition to the Committees on Natural Resources, Energy and Commerce, and Science, Space, and Technology, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
- 2025-02-11: Referred to the Committee on Agriculture, and in addition to the Committees on Natural Resources, Energy and Commerce, and Science, Space, and Technology, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
- 2025-02-11: Referred to the Committee on Agriculture, and in addition to the Committees on Natural Resources, Energy and Commerce, and Science, Space, and Technology, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
- 2025-02-11: Referred to the Committee on Agriculture, and in addition to the Committees on Natural Resources, Energy and Commerce, and Science, Space, and Technology, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
- 2025-02-11: Introduced in House
- 2025-02-11: Introduced in House
Bill Versions
- Stop China’s Continuous Purchase of Land Act — issued 2025-02-11 — PDF (5 pages)